By the end of this section you should be able to:
• Define the terms elastic limit, stress, strain, Young’s modulus,
shear modulus.
• State Hooke’s law.
• Carry out calculations involving stress, strain, Young’s modulus
and the energy stored in a stretched material.
Define the terms density, atmospheric pressure, absolute
pressure, pressure, volume.
• Describe the concepts related to hydraulic and pneumatic
systems.
• State and apply Archimedes’s principle.
• Define surface tension and surface energy.
• Define the angle of contact and account for the shapes of the surfaces of liquids.
• Determine
• Define the terms laminar and turbulent flow, flow rate.
• Identify factors affecting laminar flow and give examples.
• Identify factors that affect the streamlining of cars, boats and
planes.
• Define the Reynolds number.
• State Bernoulli’s principle.
• Explain applications of Bernoulli’s principle.
• Use Bernoulli’s equation to solve problems.
• State Stokes’s law and use it to solve problems.
• Use the equation of continuity to solve problems.
Define the terms calorimetry, phase, phase change, phase
thermal expansion diagram, state variable, critical point, triple point, latent heat,
heat capacity, specific heat capacity.
• Distinguish between heat, temperature, internal energy and
work.
• State the units for heat, heat capacity, specific heat capacity
and latent heat.
• Explain the factors that determine the rate of heat flow through a material.
• Describe the thermal expansion of solids in terms of the
molecular theory of matter.
• Carry out calculations involving expansivity.
• Solve problems involving thermal conductivity.
• Describe experiments to measure latent heat.